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MORE TIPS |
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This
grammar section adds to the explanations you have already
studied in
Unit 11, Lesson 43 (The future - Part 1). Let us see
these basic rules: |
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1 |
WILL
+
HAVE
PAST
PARTICIPLE |
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This is the formula for the Future Perfect. This
verbal tense is used for an action which hasn't happened yet, but which will have happened before a particular time in
the future: |
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We'll have made that development by the end of the decade.
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2 |
WILL
+
BE
–ING VERB |
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This is the formula for the Future Progressive. This
verbal tense is used for an action which will be in progress at a particular time in the future: |
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In 20 years people
will be having holidays in space. |
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3 |
BE
+
LIKELY
/ SURE / BOUND
TO INFINITIVE |
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This is another way you can use to express an idea about the
future. Now, pay close attention: |
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a) In these examples the speaker thinks
something will certainly happen: |
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The brand new space
craft is sure to be important.
This sort of tourism
is bound to be astronomically expensive. |
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b) In this example the speaker thinks
something will probably happen: |
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Sport
is likely to be an important ingredient. |
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4 |
BE
+
ABOUT
TO INFINITIVE |
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You can also use this pattern or
structure to talk about the future. In this cae you express
'going to do something very soon': |
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I'm about to fly
to Costa Rica.
Marisa's party was
about to start when they telephoned her. |
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5 |
FUTURE TIME
CLAUSES |
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In future time clauses the verb is in a
present tense (present simple, present
progressive or present perfect) and the verb in the main clause is in a
future tense: |
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Once
you're in orbit, the engines
will be switched off.
When the spaceliner has docked, you'll climb into the
hotel.
As soon as planes go into orbit, the price
will come right
down. |
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6 |
THREE EXTRA
TIPS |
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a) Conjunctions which introduce future
time clauses are: after, as, as soon as,
before, once, until, when,
while, etc. |
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b) In clauses beginning with if
(real conditions) and in case the verb is also in a
present tense, even though the meaning is future. |
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c) The present perfect, rather than the
present simple, is used in a time clause when you want to
indicate that one action must be completed before
another can happen. |
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At the bottom of this page you will be
able to practise all these basic rules !! |
